Hi all,
This is an edited version of a post to my blog, but since visits my weblog are sparse, I thought I would repost an edited version here, as I’m intersted in hearing the thoughts of others.
It seems likely that the 2004 presidential election will hinge on Ohio; if Bush can’t win the Buckeye State, he won’t win the Electoral College. And, even if he does take Ohio, he will have problems if he doesn’t carry Florida as well. On the other hand, if he wins these two states, Kerry will find it difficult to garner the 270 electoral votes needed to win the presidency. I base this opinion on a cursory analysis of recent “swing state” polls and state level popular vote data from the last four presidential elections as well as a hunch that Bush will struggle in the Midwest unless the job market improves drastically.
When Friday’s (8/6) meager Job report (stories here and here) surprised Wall Street analysts — who were expecting 240,000 new jobs, not 32,000 — and undermined a Bush Campaign slogan — “we’ve turned the corner” — many journalists (here and here) looked to Ohio, Missouri, Pennsylvania, and Michigan, claiming that the incumbent would have trouble in these Midwest swing states if the economy continued to produce so few new jobs. Further, as the Times points out, without a drastic change in job growth, Kerry is likely to be the first presidential candidate since FDR to be able to claim that his opponent has produced a net job loss since taking office.
So, why is Ohio Pivotal?
Over the last four elections, Ohio has proved to be a Republican stronghold in the Midwest. When ranking the 9 Midwest states (Ohio, Pennsylvania, Michigan, Illinois, Indiana, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa, and Missouri) based on the vote margins between the Republican and Democratic candidate, Ohio is 2nd to Indiana in three of the last four elections (in 1996, when Clinton won Ohio by 6.36 percent and Missouri by 6.30, Ohio was the third most Republican of these nine).
Recent state polls seem to confirm that this trend will continue to hold in 2004 unless something drastically changes the electoral landscape. Generally, Indiana is not polled, as it is considered safely in the Bush column, and I am willing to conceed this. Among the other 8, since July, Bush has only pulled ahead in two. In Ohio, the polls find: Bush leads 47 to 44 (aug 8, Columbus Dispatch); Kerry leads 47 to 45 (July 22, ARG); and Bush leads 46 to 42 (July 9, Rasmussen) . [Update: Rasm. now shows a dead heat: Kerry up by 1 point]. In Missiouri, Bush leads 50 to 46 (Aug. 3, Rasmussen) and 48 to 44 (July 8, Rasmussen). Here’s a list of polls in the other 6 States, in which Kerry leads:
Pennsylvania: 46 to 43 (Rasm. 8/3), 51 to 43 (SV 8/6)
Michigan: 50 to 44 (Rasm. 8/6), 50 to 43 (ARG 7/9)
Illinios: 54 to 39 (Rasmussen 8/4)
Minnesota: 49 to 42 (Rasmussen 8/4),
Wisconsin: 49 to 46 (SV 8/4) 48 to 42 (ARG 7/15)
Iowa: 48 to 45 (Rasm. 8/4), 46 to 46 (ARG 7/28)
(I’m not arguing that these polls are acurate, just internally consistant and suggest that the rank order of Republican support among these states hasn’t changed much in the last 12 years.)
Given the thrend in recent electoral history and these state polls, which indicate that the trend still holds, it seems unlikely that a Republican candidate (e.g., Bush) will win any Midwestern state other than Indiana and possibly Missiouri without first winning Ohio. Stated differently, I’m assuming if Bush fails to carry Ohio, he won’t win Pennsylvania, Michigan, Illinios, Minnesota, Wisconsin or Iowa. Based on this assumption, Bush would need to win the “strongly for Bush” states plus Florida, Missiouri, West Virginia, Oregon, New Mexico, and New Hampshire (or some other arrangement of 59 EVs) to reach the needed 270 electoral votes. It seems unlikely that he would trail so severely in the Midwest and still carry these states.
Similarly, if he fails to pick up Florida’s 27 electoral votes, he needs to do much better in the midwest. For Instance, even if Bush wins two of these three: (West Virginia, Nevada, or New Mexico) he still needs to take Missiouri, Iowa, Wisconsin, and even then he is one electoral vote short, which he could pick up by winning one of Maine’s Congressional districts or by winning Minnisota or sweeping the three states mentioned above. Such a scenerio seems more probable than the one above, but still unlikely.
If Bush wins these two states, Kerry needs to carry all the Gore states and pick up 9 additional Electoral votes. It seems that the most likely outcome in this scenerio is for the Senator to win Missiouri (11 EVs). But given the likely role of the economy in the up comming election, and recent state polls, it would probably be easier for Kerry to win Ohio than Missiouri. Therefore, in the 2004 election, Ohio looks to be pivatol and Florida a wild card.