Henry Bates was impeached by the State Assembly in 1857 and convicted by the State Senate, but resigned on February 11, 1857 before the Senate officially entered its judgement. The governor appointed James L. English to fill the vacancy on February 13, 1857 and a special election was scheduled in September for the remainder of the term (which English won).
Candidates' party affiliations obtained from the 9/5/1855 Sacramento Daily Union. https://www.cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=SDU18550905.2.12.2&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------